Scientific Calculator
A scientific calculator goes beyond basic arithmetic to handle trigonometric functions (sin, cos, tan), inverse trig functions, logarithms (log and ln), exponents (^), square roots (√), pi (π), and Euler's number (e). Enter an expression with the buttons or your keyboard, press =, and it is evaluated with full support for parentheses and operator precedence. Trigonometric functions can be switched between DEG (degrees) and RAD (radians) modes.
Examples
Calculating sin(30°)
With the angle mode set to DEG, entering sin(30) gives 0.5. To get the same value in RAD mode, you would enter sin(π÷6).
Common logarithm log(100)
log is the base-10 (common) logarithm. Since 10² = 100, log(100) equals 2. Use the ln button when you need the natural logarithm instead.
Exponent 2^10
Entering 2^10 multiplies 2 by itself 10 times, giving 1024. The ^ operator is right-associative, so 2^3^2 is evaluated as 2^(3^2) = 2^9 = 512.
FAQ
What is the difference between DEG and RAD modes?
DEG interprets angles in degrees (°), while RAD interprets them in radians. Since 180° = π radians, sin(30) is 0.5 in DEG mode but about −0.988 in RAD mode. DEG is typical for everyday angle work, while RAD is standard in calculus and mathematical formulas.
How are log and ln different?
log is the common logarithm with base 10, and ln is the natural logarithm with base e (about 2.71828). For example, log(100) = 2, but ln(100) is about 4.605. Common logs are frequent in engineering and statistics, while natural logs dominate in math and physics.
How is operator precedence applied?
Evaluation follows this order: parentheses → functions (sin, log, etc.) → exponents (^) → unary minus → multiplication and division → addition and subtraction. For example, 2+3×4 is 14, while (2+3)×4 is 20. Exponentiation is right-associative, so 2^3^2 = 2^9 = 512.
How many digits does the result show?
Results are rounded to 12 significant digits. This trims the tiny errors inherent to floating-point arithmetic (for example, 0.1+0.2 = 0.30000000000000004) and provides more than enough precision for most practical calculations.
How is this different from a basic calculator?
A basic calculator computes immediately after each button press, while a scientific calculator evaluates the whole expression at once. That means parentheses and operator precedence are applied exactly, and you can use functions like trigonometry, logarithms, and exponents along with the constants π and e.
What this scientific calculator can do
Beyond arithmetic and parentheses, this calculator supports trigonometric functions (sin, cos, tan), inverse trig functions (asin, acos, atan), common and natural logarithms (log, ln), exponents (^), square roots (√), pi (π), and Euler's number (e). Expressions are parsed token by token and evaluated with proper operator precedence, so you can type complex formulas exactly as you would write them on paper.
Keyboard input is fully supported: build expressions with the digit keys and + - * / ^ ( ), press Enter to evaluate, Backspace to delete the last entry, and Escape to clear everything — no mouse required.
Understanding trigonometry and angle units
The most common mistake in trigonometric calculations is mixing up angle units. A degree (°) divides a full circle into 360 parts, while a radian is the arc length divided by the radius, making a full circle 2π. The conversion is radians = degrees × π ÷ 180.
In DEG mode, inputs to sin, cos, and tan are treated as degrees, and the results of asin, acos, and atan are returned in degrees. For example, asin(0.5) = 30 in DEG mode but about 0.5236 (= π/6) in RAD mode. Always check the current mode before calculating.
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